proposition 5.31 Gram criterion

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proposition 5.31: Gram criterion5.31definition 5.14: Linear independence5.14definition 5.18: Inner product5.18proposition 5.49: Injective, surjective, invertible5.49proof : ch:03-linear-algebra-representations@proof-7proofdefinition 5.5: Linear combination5.5corollary 5.62: A functional that annihilates a set of constraints5.62definition 5.15: Basis5.15lemma 5.38: Exchange and completion5.38lemma 13.136: Discrete subgroups of ℝ^f13.136proposition 5.75: Eigenvectors for distinct eigenvalues are independent5.75proposition 5.28: Gram–Schmidt5.28proposition 5.20: Cauchy–Schwarz inequality5.20definition 4.33: Vector space4.33corollary 5.29: Orthogonal decomposition5.29definition 7.96: Plane7.96definition 12.2: Hilbert space12.2definition 12.94: Tensor product of Hilbert spaces12.94definition 5.41: Adjoint5.41definition 5.32: Levi–Civita symbol; cross product5.32definition 5.24: Orthogonal vectors5.24definition 5.144: Unitary representation5.144example 12.9: The sequence space \ell^212.9example 12.11: The function space L^212.11proposition 12.6: Parallelogram law and polarization12.6proposition 5.63: prop:lin-dual-inner-product5.63proposition 5.155: Averaging trick5.155proposition 5.130: An orthogonal transformation is an isometry5.130definition 5.39: Kernel, image, nullity, rank5.39proposition 5.48: Existence, uniqueness, and linearity of the inverse5.48theorem 5.40: Rank–nullity5.40lemma 5.97: Fitting splitting5.97proposition 5.2: Jacobi's formula, column form5.2proposition 5.90: Polar decomposition5.90theorem 5.71: The eigenvalues are the roots of the characteristic polynomial5.71proof : ch:03-linear-algebra-representations@proof-18proof

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depends_on Linear independence declared parts/02-mathematical-methods/03-linear-algebra-representations.tex:1424
depends_on Inner product declared parts/02-mathematical-methods/03-linear-algebra-representations.tex:1424
depends_on Injective, surjective, invertible declared parts/02-mathematical-methods/03-linear-algebra-representations.tex:1424
proves ch:03-linear-algebra-representations@proof-7 declared parts/02-mathematical-methods/03-linear-algebra-representations.tex:1428